Influence of Biological Treatment and Ultraviolet Disinfection System on Pseudomonas spp. Diversity in Wastewater as Assessed by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis          下载免费PDF全文

Inès Mehri  Yousra Turki  Hanène Chérif  Amel Khessairi  Abdennasser Hassen  Maher Gtari 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(5):578-585

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Comparison of intestinal bacterial communities in grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, from two different habitats     

倪加加  余育和  张堂林  高雷 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2012,30(5):757-765

The intestinal bacteria of vertebrates form a close relationship with their host.External and internal conditions of the host,including its habitat,affect the intestinal bacterial community.Similarly,the intestinal bacterial community can,in turn,influence the host,particularly with respect to disease resistance.We compared the intestinal bacterial communities of grass carp that were collected from farm-ponds or a lake.We conducted denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of amplified 16S rRNA genes,from which 66 different operational taxonomic units were identified.Using both the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means clustering and principal component analysis ordination,we found that the intestinal bacterial communities from the two groups of pond fish were clustered together and inset into the clusters of wild fish,except for DF-7,and there was no significant correlation between genetic diversity of grass carp and their intestinal bacterial communities(Mantel one-tailed test,R=0.157,P=0.175).Cetobacterium appeared more frequently in the intestine of grass carp collected from pond.A more thorough understanding of the role played by intestinal microbiota on fish health would be of considerable benefit to the aquaculture industry.  相似文献   

Impacts of mariculture practices on the temporal distribution of macrobenthos in Sandu Bay,South China   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

周进 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2012,30(3):388-396

Sandu Bay is located in the East China Sea and is characterized by high-density fish farming and kelp culture. Despite this, little is known about the impacts of these different mariculture practices on the local environment. We investigated the temporal variation in macrobenthos and environmental conditions at three sites in the bay (fish farming site, kelp culture site, and a control site). We collected water and sediment samples during nine cruises between May 2009 and February 2010. The density of macrobenthos peaked at the fish farming site in July (655 ind./m2) whereas density did not fluctuate as widely at the other two sites. Biomass varied significantly at both the control and kelp culture sites, but had only a single peak at the fish farming site in June (21.90 g/m2). The dominant species varied throughout the study period at the control and kelp culture sites, whereas a single terebellid species (Lysilla pacifica) dominated the macrobenthos at the fish farming site. The diversity index H’ increased at the control site beginning in February then decreased after May, whereas H’ was low at the other sites in December. The mean dissolved oxygen level was highest at the control site (6.59 mg/L) and lowest at the fish farming site (5.54 mg/L). DO levels were lowest at all sites in summer (July and August). The sediment acid volatile sulfide content was higher at the fish farming site (1.46 mg/g dry weight) than those at the kelp culture and control sites (1.22 and 0.14 mg/g, respectively). Our results suggest that mariculture practices have a clear impact on the benthic environment/ community in Sandu Bay.  相似文献   

Community structure changes of macrobenthos in the South Yellow Sea   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

�ž���  ���ɽ  ������ 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2012,30(2):248-255

The ecological environment in the Yellow Sea has changed greatly from the 1950s to 1990s and this has had significant impact on marine organisms. In this study, data on soft-sediment macrobenthos occurring in depths from 25 m to 81 m in the South Yellow Sea were used to compare changes in community structure. The agglomerative classification (CLUSTER) and multidimensional scaling (MDS) methods were applied. Five communities were recognized by cluster analysis: 1. The Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass community dominated by cold water species, which changed slightly in species composition since the 1950s; 2. The mixed community with the coexistence of cold water species and warm water species, as had been reported previously; 3. The polychaete-dominated eurythermal community in which the composition changed considerably as some dominant species disappeared or decreased; 4. The Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuarine community, with some typical estuarine species; 5. The community affected by the Yellow Sea Warm Current. The greatest change occurred in the coastal area, which indicated that the change may be caused by human activities. Macrobenthos in the central region remained almost unchanged, particularly the cold water species shielded by the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass. The depth, temperature and median grain size of sediments were important factors affecting the distributions of macrobenthos in the South Yellow Sea.  相似文献   

厦门近岸水域海洋附着细菌的群落结构及其动态变化     

徐春燕  陈澄璟  鄢庆枇  宋振荣  马英 《台湾海峡》2012,31(3):396-402

为研究海洋附着细菌的群落结构及动态变化,在厦门近岸海区进行挂板实验.将无菌玻璃板浸没于海水中,连续放置14 d.分别于放置1 h和7、14 d后取玻璃板上附着生物样品.用细菌通用引物构建16S rRNA基因克隆文库,每个克隆文库随机挑选约40个克隆子测序,序列同源性分析和系统进化分析结果表明,所有的克隆子可分为六大类群:γ-变形菌纲(γ-Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、α-变形菌纲(α-Proteobacteria)、蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)和真核硅藻类叶绿体,各类群分别占42.0%、4.5%、2.2%、2.2%、1.1%和45.0%.γ-变形菌纲变形斑沙雷氏菌(Serratia proteamaculans)为优势附着细菌,占测序克隆子的31.5%.这类细菌在1 h样品中的比例超过一半,说明变形斑沙雷氏菌在生物膜形成初期发挥着重要作用.随着挂板时间延长,检测到的细菌类群有所增加:附着7 d后检测到拟杆菌门细菌,附着14 d后检测到厚壁菌门细菌.γ-变形菌纲细菌所占比例随挂板时间的延长而逐渐降低,从挂板1 h的81%降至7 d的21%,14 d的18%.另外,在各阶段的附着样品中,都检测到较多的真核克隆子序列,约占16%～64%.本研究为进一步阐明海洋附着细菌的附着动态及其在生物膜形成过程中的作用奠定了基础.  相似文献   

渤海湾潮下带底栖线虫群落的垂直分布     

张青田  王新华  胡桂坤 《海洋科学进展》2012,30(3):416-422

2007年春季在渤海湾天津潮下带采集小型底栖生物样品,分析沉积物中自由生活线虫的垂直分布情况。多元统计分析结果表明,底栖线虫的垂直分布和沉积物深度有关。在较深的5～10cm层,线虫群落与其上层次的差异较大:0～2cm层和5～10cm层差异极显著(P=0.001),2～5cm层和5～10cm层间差异显著(P=0.016)。不同站点间底层的线虫群落差异明显。而沉积物0～2cm层和2～5cm间的线虫群落差异不明显(P=0.541)。列出了SIMPER分析中16种明显影响表层-底层群落的线虫,13种明显影响中层-底层间群落比较的线虫。在研究和比较线虫群落时,应该考虑取样深度的影响。  相似文献   

柄海鞘共附生细菌的分离培养与系统发育多样性研究          下载免费PDF全文

苗婷婷  邢翔  杜宗军  陈冠军 《海洋科学进展》2012,30(1):111-118

通过纯培养和16SrRNA基因序列的相似性比对,并构建系统发育树对威海海域柄海鞘共附生细菌的多样性进行了研究。用2216E培养基从柄海鞘样品中分离到78株细菌,通过形态学特征和TCBS培养基选择性筛选后,选取30株具有代表性的菌株进行了16SrRNA基因测序和基于16SrRNA基因序列的系统发育多样性分析。结果表明,30株菌株分别属于细菌域的4个系统发育类群(Actinobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes,Gro-teobacteria)的11个科,11个属。根据16SrRNA基因序列,大多数菌株与其系统发育关系最密切的模式菌株之间存在一定的遗传差异(16SrRNA基因序列相似性为91.82%～98.93%)。其中菌株HQW7,HQYD1,HQWD4,HQE1和HQE2与相关模式菌株的16SrRNA基因最高相似度仅分别为91.82%,92.51%,92.99%,93.52%,93.87%,这5株菌可能代表新的分类单元。威海海域柄海鞘共附生细菌存在着较为丰富的物种多样性和系统发育多样性,并可能存在新的物种。  相似文献   

辽东湾西部海域秋季大型底栖动物的群落结构特征     

季相星  曲方圆  隋吉星  王振钟  赵宁  于子山 《海洋科学》2012,36(11):7-13

2009年10月在辽东湾西部海域进行了14个站位的大型底栖动物调查,共发现大型底栖动物99种,其中多毛类44种,软体动物13种,甲壳动物39种,其他类群3种.调查海域内IRI指数排名前十位的种中,多毛类和甲壳动物各占60%和40%,其中前三位的是日本双边帽虫(Amphictene japonica)、二齿半尖额涟虫(Hemileucon bidentatus)和滩拟猛钩虾(Harpiniopsis vadiculus).调查海域内大型底栖动物的总平均丰度为2387.1个/m2,总平均生物量为11.16 g/m2,整个调查海域内大型底栖动物呈现出高丰度低生物量的现状.调查海域内大型底栖动物的香农-威纳多样性指数为0.8881~4.626,平均值为3.556;丰富度指数为1.197~5.474,平均值为3.426;均匀度指数为0.213~0.9248,平均值为0.7714.以40%的相似性尺度,取样站可被划分为5个大型底栖动物站组.通过大型底栖动物多样性分析,本文认为该海域的底栖生态状况良好.  相似文献   

应用Excel 软件计算生物多样性指数   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

孔凡洲  于仁成  徐子钧  周名江 《海洋科学》2012,36(4):57-62

生物多样性指数是生物群落研究中的重要参数,广泛应用于海洋生态系统生物多样性的评价和研究。作者利用微软的电子表格软件Excel中的数组函数、条件函数及其他函数,提供了一种快速、简便、可靠的同时计算Shannon、Simpson、Berger-Parker、Margalef和Pielou均匀度指数等8种常用生物多样性指数的方法,应用开发的Excel文件——Biodixcel.xlsx,使用者只需在此文件列出的表格中一次性录入所要计算的原始数据即可在此表格中同时得到上述几个指数的计算结果,本方法为群落生物多样性的计算提供了一种简单、实用的工具。  相似文献   

人工鱼礁对山东莱州朱旺港海区游泳动物的群落结构及季节变化的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐浩  曾晓起  顾炎斌  关丽莎 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,42(5):47-54

为查明朱旺港人工礁区游泳动物的群落结构特征及其季节变化,于2010年5～11月和2011年3月对该海域人工礁区和自然对照区进行逐月调查.结果表明,人工礁区游泳动物种类比对照区丰富(1.42倍);并且人工礁区的Margalef种类丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数均高于对照区.人工礁区的CPUE也明显高于对照区,人工礁区的Al区(建于2008年)和A2区(建于2009年)分别是自然对照区CA区的1.43和1.55倍,其中经济种类日本蟳的CPUE分别达到2.69和2.97倍.初步体现人工鱼礁投放后的集鱼效果,且礁区游泳动物的群落结构有明显改善.  相似文献